nptl: Move cancel type out of cancelhandling

Now that the thread cancellation type is not accessed concurrently
anymore, it is possible to move it out the cancelhandling.

By removing the cancel state out of the internal thread cancel handling
state there is no need to check if cancelled bit was set in CAS
operation.

It allows simplifing the cancellation wrappers and the
CANCEL_CANCELED_AND_ASYNCHRONOUS is removed.

Checked on x86_64-linux-gnu and aarch64-linux-gnu.