binutils: Fix aarch64 disassembly abort

Code backported from binutils development tree.

  aarch64: Remove asserts from operand qualifier decoders [PR31595]

  Given that the disassembler should never abort when decoding
  (potentially random) data, assertion statements in the
  `get_*reg_qualifier_from_value' function family prove problematic.

  ...

Signed-off-by: Mark Hatle <mark.hatle@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Purdie <richard.purdie@linuxfoundation.org>
(cherry picked from commit 00f3d849)
Signed-off-by: Steve Sakoman <steve@sakoman.com>