sctp: fix use-after-free in pr_debug statement

Dmitry Vyukov reported a use-after-free in the code expanded by the
macro debug_post_sfx, which is caused by the use of the asoc pointer
after it was freed within sctp_side_effect() scope.

This patch fixes it by allowing sctp_side_effect to clear that asoc
pointer when the TCB is freed.

As Vlad explained, we also have to cover the SCTP_DISPOSITION_ABORT case
because it will trigger DELETE_TCB too on that same loop.

Also, there were places issuing SCTP_CMD_INIT_FAILED and ASSOC_FAILED
but returning SCTP_DISPOSITION_CONSUME, which would fool the scheme
above. Fix it by returning SCTP_DISPOSITION_ABORT instead.

The macro is already prepared to handle such NULL pointer.

Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Ricardo Leitner <marcelo.leitner@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Vlad Yasevich <vyasevich@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>